The old hoe has its handle replaced. The handle was rotten and was supported by large nails. The blade of the hoe head is dull and broken.
The broken hoe head was welded to the broken part. Then grind it to make it sharp.
After being repaired, the condition of the hoe looked like the following photo.
The new handle is planed carefully. So that the hoe can be installed with the handle inserted from the top of the handle, or from the grip part of the handle.
The lower part of the handle that is pinched by the hoe head hole should be a bit tight. This part is about 5-10 cm from the bottom end of the handle.
Leave the very bottom end of the handle with the largest part in cross-section, about 1-2 cm long. To lock the hoe so it doesn't slide down.
The following YouTube video shows the details of the process:
Do not strike the handle on the floor when lowering the hoe to the bottom end of the handle. Because the handle can crack and break if it hits the floor.
The hoe is pressed down onto the handle, by hitting the top part of hoe with a hammer and concrete chisel.
The handle is secured with 3 nails on top of the hoe. So that the hoe doesn't slide upwards.
There are 2 nails on the back part of the handle.
And there is 1 nail on the front part of the handle.
When a hoe is used, the back of the hoe tends to be loose when the hoe hits the ground. That is why 2 nails are installed on the back part of the handle.
A triangular iron peg is installed at the bottom end of the handle.
Power glue (super glue, cyanoacrylate) and sawdust are used to close the gap between the hoe and the handle. Also used to close cracks in wooden handle.
The angle of the hoe to the handle is around 75 degrees, as seen in the following photo.
The angle can be adjusted by planing the bottom end of the handle, until the desired shape or angle is obtained.
For garden or paddy field hoe, some use a 60 degrees angle. This is because the soil is loose and soft. And the hoe is operated by pulling it towards the body, shortly after the hoe is swung from above and plunges into the loose soil. So the soil is easy to be lifted, like using a shovel.
The longer the handle, the stronger the hoe will plunge into the ground. But the long handle is less agile in tight spaces.
The planing machine used in the video is a RYU electric grinder with flap disc sandpaper. If you don't have a planing machine or electric grinder, the planing process can be done manually. You can use a machete, large knife, wood chisel, to peel and shape the wooden handle to the desired shape.
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